Ingredient Substitutes
Allspice: 1 tsp
1/2 tsp cinnamon, 1/4 tsp ginger, and 1/4 tsp cloves
Baking powder: 1 tsp
1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar
OR 1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk (decrease
liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup)
Bread crumbs: 1 cup
1 cup cracker crumbs OR 1 cup matzo meal OR
1 cup ground oats
Broth: beef or chicken: 1 cup
1 bouillon cube plus 1 cup boiling water OR 1
TBSP soy sauce plus enough water to make 1 cup OR 1
cup vegetable broth
Brown sugar: 1 cup, packed
1 cup white sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses and decrease the liquid in
recipe by 1/4 cup OR 1 cup white sugar OR 1
1/4 cups confectioners' sugar
Butter (salted): 1 cup
1 cup margarine OR 1 cup shortening plus 1/2
tsp salt OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2
tsp salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 tsp salt
Butter (unsalted): 1 cup
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil
OR 7/8 cup lard
Buttermilk: 1 cup
1 cup yogurt OR 1 TBSP lemon juice or vinegar
plus enough milk to make 1 cup
Chocolate (semi sweet): 1 ounce
1 (1: ounce) square of unsweet chocolate plus 4 tsp sugar OR 1
ounce semisweet chocolate chips plus 1 tsp shortening
Chocolate (un sweet): 1 ounce
3 TBSP unsweet cocoa plus 1 TBSP shortening or
vegetable oil
Cocoa: 1/4 cup
1 ounce square unsweet chocolate
Cottage cheese: 1 cup
1 cup ricotta cheese
Cream (half and half: 1 cup
7/8 cup milk plus 1 TBSP butter
Cream (heavy): 1 cup
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup
butter
Cream (light): 1 cup
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 3
TBSP butter
Cream cheese: 1 cup
1 cup pureed cottage cheese OR 1 cup plain yogurt,
strained overnight in a cheesecloth
Cream of tartar: 1 tsp
2 tsp lemon juice or vinegar
Egg: 1 whole
2 1/2 TBSP of powdered egg substitute plus 2 1/2 TBSP
water OR 1/4 cup liquid egg substitute OR 1/4
cup silken tofu pureed OR 3 TBSP mayonnaise OR half
a banana mashed with 1/2 tsp baking powder OR 1
TBSP powdered flax seed soaked in 3 TBSP water
Flour : Bread: 1 cup
1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 tsp wheat gluten
Flour : Cake: 1 cup
1 cup all-purpose flour minus 2 TBSP
Flour : Self Rising: 1 cup
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder and 1/2
tsp of salt
Garlic: 1 clove
1/8 tsp garlic powder OR 1/2 tsp
granulated garlic OR 1/2 tsp garlic salt
Ginger (fresh): 1 TBSP
1/4 tsp ground ginger OR 1/4 tsp allspice
Green onion: 1/2 cup , chopped
1/2 cup chopped onion OR 1/2 cup chopped leek OR 1/2
cup chopped shallots
Honey: 1 cup
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1 cup
corn syrup
Hot pepper sauce: 1 tsp
3/4 tsp cayenne pepper plus 1 tsp vinegar
Ketchup: 1 cup
1 cup tomato sauce plus 1 tsp vinegar plus 1 TBSP sugar
Lard: 1 cup
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil OR 1
cup butter
Lemon grass: 2 fresh stalks
1 TBSP lemon zest
Lemon juice: 1 tsp
1/2 tsp vinegar OR 1 tsp white wine OR 1
tsp lime juice
Lemon zest: 1 tsp
1/2 tsp lemon extract OR 2 TBSP lemon
juice
Lime juice: 1 tsp
1 tsp vinegar OR 1 tsp white wine OR 1
tsp lemon juice
Lime zest: 1 tsp
1 tsp lemon zest
Mayonnaise: 1 cup
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup plain yogurt
Milk (whole): 1 cup
1 cup soy milk OR 1 cup rice milk OR 1
cup water or juice OR 1/4 cup dry milk powder plus 1
cup water OR 2/3 cup evaporated milk plus 1/3 cup water
Molasses: 1 cup
Mix 3/4 cup brown sugar and 1 tsp cream of tartar
Mustard (prepared): 1 TBSP
Mix together 1 TBSP dried mustard, 1 tsp water, 1
tsp vinegar and 1 tsp sugar
Orange juice: 1 TBSP
1 TBSP other citrus juice
Orange zest: 1 TBSP
1/2 tsp orange extract OR 1 tsp lemon
juice
Rice (white): 1 cup, cooked
1 cup cooked barley OR 1 cup cooked bulgur OR 1
cup cooked brown or wild rice
Ricotta: 1 cup
1 cup dry cottage cheese
Saffron: 1/4 tsp
1/4 tsp turmeric
Semisweet chocolate chips: 1 cup
1 cup chocolate candies OR 1 cup peanut butter or
other flavored chips OR 1 cup chopped nuts OR 1
cup chopped dried fruit
Shortening: 1 cup
1 cup butter OR 1 cup margarine minus 1/2 tsp
salt from recipe
Sour cream: 1 cup
1 cup plain yogurt OR 1 TBSP lemon juice or
vinegar plus enough cream to make 1 cup OR 3/4 cup
buttermilk mixed with 1/3 cup butter
Soy sauce: 1/2 cup
1/4 cup Worcestershire sauce mixed with 1 TBSP water
Stock (beef or chicken): 1 cup
1 cube beef or chicken bouillon dissolved in 1 cup water
Sweet condensed milk: 1 (14oz) can
3/4 cup white sugar mixed with 1/2 cup water and 1 1/8 cups dry
powdered milk: Bring to a boil and cook, stirring frequently, until
thickened, about 20 minutes
Vegetable oil (for baking): 1 cup
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree
Vegetable oil (for frying): 1 cup
1 cup lard OR 1 cup vegetable shortening
Vinegar: 1 tsp
1 tsp lemon or lime juice OR 2 tsp white
wine
White sugar: 1 cup
1 cup brown sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioners'
sugar OR 3/4 cup honey OR 3/4 cup corn
syrup
Wine: 1 cup
1 cup chicken or beef broth OR 1 cup fruit juice
mixed with 2 tsp vinegar OR 1 cup water
Yogurt: 1 cup
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup buttermilk
